Vana vazhinji veAustralia vakapindwa muropa nefodya somugumisiro we vaping, zvichikurudzira gurukota rezvehutano Mark Butler kuti akurudzire matanho ekugadzirisa ane chinangwa kudzora chikamu che e-fodya.
Maererano nenyanzvi, vana vakawanda havazivi kuti vari kushandisa chinhu chinodhaka zvikuru kusvikira nguva yapera.
"Hurumende yapfuura yakaifuridza pamhepo," Butler akaudza The Guardian Australia. "Mutengo wekupatsanurwa uye kunonoka uri kubhadharwa nevana vedu."
MuAustralia, hazvisi pamutemo kutengesa, kugovera, kana kuva nefodya yemagetsi kana kuti chero mvura ine chikakananda pasina kunyorerwa nachiremba. Nekudaro, vagoveri vakatenderedza izvi nekudzinga "nicotine" kubva pane rondedzero yezvigadzirwa, zvisinei nekuti zvigadzirwa zvavo zvakagadzirwa nazvo.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti vechiduku vanoverengeka vari kushandisa chikakananda nemaune nokudaro vachiva vakapindwa muropa, kuchiparira vakuru vakuru vezvoutano kudana zvirango zvakasimba nemirau.
Pamusoro penicotine, zvigadzirwa zvinogona zvakare kusanganisira mazana ezvimwe zvingangove zvine muchetura zvinowedzera senge pulegone (iri mumishonga inouraya zvipembenene) pamwe neacetone (iri mune zvipikiri zvekubvisa).
Butler vazivisa kuti hurumende ichatanga hurongwa hwekudyidzana nevatori venhau pamusoro pemidziyo inopfungaira fodya kuburikidza nemukuru weTherapeutic Goods Administration pachiitiko neChitatu paParliament House muCanberra kupemberera makore gumi kubva pakaparurwa zvigadzirwa zvechikakananda.
"Isu tinofanirwa kuziva kuti hurongwa hwazvino hwemitemo hunopotsa chiratidzo uye matanho api angatangwe nehurumende kushandura nhare," akadaro.
Sekureva kweGuardian Australia, shanduko yemitemo yevaping yakarongwa inosanganisira kurambidzwa kwenyika yose kupinza mavhapes efodya pamwe nekudzora kwakasimba kudzikamisa nicotine uye vaping kushambadzira kuvana pamasocial network.
Pachiitiko ichi, Butler anotarisirwawo kutsigira nhanho dzekuwedzera nicotine.
Zviri Mukati
Vechidiki vap vari kuwedzera
Butler akataura kuti mazinga evaping muAustralia akawedzera zvakapetwa kaviri pakati pa2016 na2019. Zvichienderana neongororo yakaitwa nehurumende yehurumende, vangangoita chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chevane makore 16 kusvika 24 muNew South Wales vakaedza fodya yemagetsi gore rapfuura. kukwira kubva pa15 muzana makore matatu apfuura.
NSW utano yakagadzira boka rekugadzirisa dambudziko riri kuwedzera kuburikidza nekuedza uye kutora matanho pamusoro pezviziviso zvevanhu. Mumwedzi 18 yakapera muna September, mishonga inopfungaira ine nicotine inopfuura 157,000 XNUMX yakatorwa.
Sekutaura kwemukuru anoona nezvehutano, VaKerry Chant, bazi iri rakapomerawo zvitoro gumi nevaviri nemhosva yekugovera zvinhu panguva imwe chete iyi.
"Tiri kuwedzera zviito zvedu zvekumanikidza, asi handisi kukwanisa kutaura kushushikana kwangu [zvakaringana] nezvekukwira kwekuwana zvigadzirwa zvevape munharaunda," akadaro mwedzi uno panguva yeP&C Federation webinar.
"Dzimwe nguva zvinotanga kunzwa sekunge tiri kurwisa mafashama ezvekushandisa."
"Kukurumidza kuona kuti vechidiki vedu nevana havawane fodya yekuputira zvakanyanya," Adjunct Prof John Skerritt, mutevedzeri wemunyori webazi rezvehutano, akaudza fungidziro yeSeneti kutanga kwemwedzi uno.
"Hurumende inotenda kuti kukwira kwakanyanya kwevap vechidiki kunofanirwa kugadziriswa nekukurumidza."
Mumwe mudzidzisi wepachikoro chesekondari chehurumende muMelbourne ane vana vechikoro vanenge 1,500 XNUMX akataura kuti kekutanga mumakore ake mapfumbamwe okudzidzisa, ari kupupurira pwere dzakawanda nevana vakapindwa muropa nefodya vasingakwanisi kuisa pfungwa dzavo mukirasi. Zvimbuzi zvepachikoro chake zvakakiiwa pakati pezvidzidzo.
“Idambudziko mumapoka emakore ose,” akatsanangura kudaro.
“Vana vechikoro vanoda kubuda mukirasi kazhinji kazhinji, uye vanoshatirwa uye vanodedera kana vasingakwanisi kushandisa chimbudzi.”
"Mune zvimwe zviitiko, vana vakazviita mukirasi vachiviga vaporizer paruoko rwavo." Isu takaisa makamera kunze kwezvimbuzi kuti tizive vanhu vanogara vachibhururuka."
Carolyn Murray, director wezvirongwa zvehutano hweveruzhinji kubazi rezvehutano reNSW, akadaro zvitoro maduka vanofanira “kufunga kuti zvinhu zvavanotengesa zvine fodya” kunyangwe zvisina kunyorwa kudaro, zvichienderana nezvakabuda pabvunzo dzebazi pazvinhu zvinenge zvatorerwa.
Murray angade kuona kudyidzana kwakawanda pakati pemadhipatimendi ehurumende, akadai sedzidzo nemapurisa, pamwe nekugadziridzwa kumitemo yekushambadzira ye commonwealth.
Zvakaoma kurega pane kusvuta
Eugenie Pepper, chiremba wepfungwa wekuSydney anobatsira vanhu kurega kusvuta, akaudza Guardian Australia kuti 50 muzana yevatengi vake vaida kubatsirwa kurega kuputa mumwedzi 18 yapfuura.
“Ruzhinji rwevanhu ivavo vari mumakore avo okuyaruka uye ekutanga makumi maviri,” akadaro. "Kubva pazera re15, vanotenda kuti varasa gwara." Ini ndinotenda kuti vaping yakanyanya kuoma kurega pane kuputa. Kune ganhuriro pakusvuta, kubatanidza mitengo, kuziva kuti hakubvumirwi mutsika, uye hwema.
"Vana vanovhuvhuta nekusingaperi kubva panguva yavanomuka kusvika vaenda kunorara husiku." Vakangofanana netudiki tudiki tudiki tusingagone kurarama pasina vaporizer. "
Pepper akaona zvakaoma kutenda kuti makwikwi akakwira sei. “Vana ava havazivi kuti vari kupfumbuka zvakadii, uye havana nzira yekuziva kuti vari kushandisa fodya yakawanda sei nezvimwe zvinokuvadza.”
Dr. Krista Monkhouse anoshanda sechiremba wevana neHunter New England Health District's youth drug and alcohol Clinical services chirongwa, chakatanga muna 2018. hutano maererano neMonkhouse, nzvimbo iyi yakatanga kugamuchira mibvunzo gore rapfuura kubva kuvabereki, vanachiremba vepfungwa, GPs, zvikoro, uye. makiriniki ehutano, kutsvaga rubatsiro mukunzwisisa vaping, mhedzisiro yaro, pamwe nekubatsira kwevechiri kuyaruka nevana kusiya.
“Uyezve, muna 2022, takatanga kunzwa kubva kune vachiri kuyaruka, ‘Handigoni kurega.’” Ndakapindwa muropa nazvo zvokuti zvinondiomera kurega.
"Havagone kuswera vasina kupfuta." Vamwe vanhu havagone kugara vakamuka husiku hwese kuti vape.
Maererano naMonkhouse, kukura kwouropi kunopfuurira kutozosvikira pazera ramakore anenge 25, uye kusvuta fodya mukati memakore okuyaruka kunogona kukuvadza nzvimbo dzouropi dzinodzora kuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe, manzwiro, kudzora mafungiro, uye kudzidza.
"Zviratidzo zvekurega zvakanyanya kuipa," akatsanangura kudaro. "Zviratidzo izvi zvinosanganisira kushungurudzika mupfungwa, kutsamwa, kutsamwa, kutya, kuzvidya mwoyo, matambudziko ekugadzirisa, uye kunetseka kurara." Vachiri kuyaruka vari kutsvagawo kurapwa kwezviratidzo zvekufema senge kukosora, kutsamwa pahuro, uye kutadza kufema.
Havasi vanhu chete vanoshandisa vaping zvishandiso vari panjodzi. Kubva 2020, iyo Queensland Poisons Information Center yakawana kuwedzera kwe48.6 muzana mukufona kunosanganisira vana vari pasi pemakore mashanu vakaoneswa e-fodya nemavape pen. Gore rino kusvika ikozvino, kwave kune 88 chepfu, mukuenzanisa ne15 muna 2020. Makumi maviri evana makumi masere nemasere vakaiswa muchipatara.
Chipunu chimwe chete chefodya yemvura inotengeswa inogona kukonzera kuora kwehuropi zvakanyanya kana kufa mumwana. Imwe 0.7ml yefodya e-cigarette ingada kuenzaniswa ne200 puffs kana kuputa paki imwe chete yefodya.
Mumwe muvana voga voga vanotenga vape kubva muchitoro cheko
“[A vape] ndiyo sarudzo yakanaka yekukwevera mukati diki vanhu,” akadaro Dr. Becky Freeman, mumwe purofesa wezveutano hweveruzhinji paYunivhesiti yeSydney.
“Haina kujeka uye haidhure, inonhuwirira, uye iri kushambadzirwa zvikuru kuvana pama<em>social network.”
Freeman mutungamiriri weGeneration Vape, yekutanga nyika yekudzidza iyo yakabvunza vanopfuura mazana manomwe vechidiki vane makore gumi nematatu zvichikwira, pamwe nevanovachengeta, sevadzidzisi nevabereki maererano nezvavakasangana nazvo, izvo zvinosanganisira zvavanotenda, maitiro, ruzivo, maitiro, zvitendero, uye maitiro pamusoro pekushandiswa kwemavhape.
Ipo zvichirambidzwa muAustralia kutengesa chero mavhapes kune chero munhu ari pasi pemakore gumi nemasere, sekureva kwaFreeman, "inokwana chikamu chimwe muzvina chevatori vechikamu vakapindura mubvunzo wedu vakati vari kungozununguka kuenda kuchitoro chavo kuti vatenge. zvakananga kubva kune vefodya kana kuti nyaya dzinobatsira."
"Hapana nzira isina mumvuri yekuwana zvigadzirwa izvi."
Anoti vana vakawana michina yekuputira kubva kune vamwe vana vechikoro, vezera, kana hama dzepedyo dzinovapa, uye kuti vakatenga zvinhu izvi online. Vanodhura chero pakati pemadhora mashanu nemadhora makumi matatu uye vanogona kubata gumi nemaviri kuzviuru zvemadabs.
Kunyangwe "nicotine-isina" mavhapu, sekureva kwaFreeman, anogara aine nicotine. Akataura kuti makumi mashanu nenhatu muzana evechiri kuyaruka vakabvunzurudzwa vakaratidza kuti vakambovhaira vakashandisa vape ine nicotine. Nekudaro, makumi maviri nenomwe muzana vaive vasina chokwadi chekuti vakadya chikakananda chine vape, uye vakasara vaifungidzira kuti e-fodya yavo yakanga isina nicotine.
“Nemhaka yekuti mabhurendi mazhinji anovharika zvine chinangwa, nzira imwe chete yekuziva kana chigadzirwa chine fodya ndeyekuchitora uye kuedza murabhoritari.
"Saka une vatevedzeri vemutemo kubva kuNew South Wales Health vanoenda ku7/11 kana nicotine. maduka, uye vanounganidza zvishoma zvezvinhu zvinotengeswa, voendesa kurabhoritari, vonoongororwa, vowana kana ine fodya, uye ipapo vanodzokera ndokutora zvinhu izvozvo.” Zvisinei, zvinogona kunge zvakatengeswa kana kuchinjwa pashure.”
Iyo TGA yakaedza pamusoro pe400 midziyo yevaping inofungidzirwa kuve yenhema, kusanganisira iyo isina kuzivisa kubatanidzwa kwefodya. 190 pane 214 zvigadzirwa zvakabudirira kuedzwa zvinosanganisira nicotine. Sekureva kwemutauriri wedhipatimendi rezvehutano, pakati pa1 Gumiguru 2021 na5 Mbudzi 22, 1,043 inquests pamusoro peinofungidzirwa kutengeswa zvisiri pamutemo, kugovera, uye kushambadzira kwemidziyo yefodya yakatangwa, uye 955 yeidzo inquests yakapera.
Munguva imwe cheteyo, matsamba makumi mapfumbamwe nematanhatu ekuyambira anosvika madhora mazana manomwe nemakumi maviri nemakumi matanhatu nenomwe akaiswa, aine makumi masere nematanhatu ekushambadza-asina-kutevedzera uye gumi ane chekuita nekupinza uye kupa kusateedzera. Zvinhu zvinodarika 96 zvefodya zvakatorwa pasi pewaranti, uye zvinhu zvinoda kusvika 735,264 zvakaonekwa kuti hazvisi kutevedzera kunze kwenyika.
'Deceptive' e-cigarette flavour
Prof Emily Banks, chiremba wezvirwere zvezvirwere zvepaAustralian National University uye nyanzvi inoona nezvekudzora fodya, akataura kuti fodya iri pakati pezvinhu zvinopinda muropa zvakanyanya panyika.
"Hatifanire kukoshesa mhedzisiro yekupindwa muropa pamwana kana vanhu vakabatwa." Uye e-fodya yefodya inonyengera zvakanyanya. Vanhu vanoshamisika, "Ko chero chinhu chinonaka chestrawberry chingandikuvadza sei?"
Akataura kuti pro-vaping lobby yakagadzira ngano yekuti fodya yemagetsi haisi pamutemo muAustralia, zvisinei, handizvo. Avo vanoedza kurega kusvuta nemhepo vanogona kuwana michina yefodya yefodya nemirairo yachiremba.
Masangano akadai seCancer Council anoda kurambidzwa munyika yose kwemavhapesi asiri-nicotine kudzivirira vanopinda kunze kwenyika kubva kutyora mitemo nekudzinga "nicotine" kubva kune zvinyorwa. Hurumende dzematunhu nehurumende dziri kukumbirawo zvimwe zviwanikwa zvekupaza vanhu vanotengesa kuvana.
