kunyange zvazvo vechidiki vape yadzikira nguva pfupi yadarika, chidzidzo chitsva chinoburitsa kuti avo vanoita vape vari kutanga kare uye vachivashandisa kakawanda.
Maererano neongororo yakabudiswa neMuvhuro mupepanhau rezvokurapa JAMA Network Open, isingasviki 1 muzana yevachiri kuyaruka vanodya chete. fodya yemagetsi akashandisa zvishandiso mukati memaminitsi mashanu ekutanga mushure mekumuka zuva rega rega pakati pa2014 na2017, asi nhamba iyi yakakwira kusvika 10.3% kubva 2017 kusvika 2021.
Denda reCCIDID-19 rakakonzera kuwedzera kwekuora mwoyo kwevechiri kuyaruka, kushungurudzika, neuropsychiatric zviratidzo, uye kuzviuraya, vaongorori vekuMassachusetts General Hospital neSan Francisco vakadaro mukudzidza kwavo. "Uku kuwedzera kwesimba kunogona kuratidza kuwedzera kwekushandisa nicotine yekuzvirapa mukupindura kuwedzera uku," vakadaro.
Denda iri rakakonzerawo kuti gore rikarasika nekuda kwekurapwa nekudzivirira kuzvikoro, saka zvirongwa zvekupedza zvinofanirwa kusimbaradzwa kurwisa kupindwa muropa nechikakananda kune vechidiki vakarasikirwa negore vachisangana nenyanzvi dzinogona kunge dzakavabatsira neimwe nzira mukurapwa.
Ruzivo rwekuzvizivisa kubva kuYouth Risk Behavior Surveillance System uye National Youth Tobacco Surveys yeUS Centers yeChirwere Kudzora nekudzivirira yakaongororwa nevaongorori. Iyo data yaisanganisira 151,573 vatori vechikamu muongororo avo vese vakanyoreswa kungave kwepakati kana chesekondari chikoro muUSA.
Zvinoenderana nedata, kushandiswa kwefodya yemagetsi pakati pevechidiki kwakakwira kubva pamazuva mapfumbamwe kana mashoma pamwedzi kusvika kune angangoita mazuva gumi pamwedzi pakati pa2014 na2021, asi zera ravakatanga kuishandisa rakaderera.
Ivhareji yezera pakushandiswa kwekutanga yakaderera nekufamba kwenguva, nemwedzi ingangoita 1.9 gore rega rega, yefodya yemagetsi, asi yakaramba yakamira kune zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvefodya, maererano nekudzidza. Avhareji yezera revatori vechikamu yaive makore 14.5.
Nhamba yevechiri kuyaruka vakashandisa e-fodya kekutanga panguva zera duku pakati peavo vari kushandisa chero rudzi rwechigadzirwa chefodya vakakwira kubva pa27.2% muna 2014 kuenda pa78.3% muna 2019 uye vakagara pa77% muna2021.
'Nezve' mapatani muhuwandu hwekushandisa
Kushandisa e-fodya sese kwakasvika padanho repamusoro muna 2019 isati yadonha mushure meizvozvo. Asi zvichienzaniswa nevaya vanoputa fodya, vanhu vazhinji muna 2019 vakatanga kuputa e-fodya mumaminetsi mashanu ekutanga ekumuka zuva rega rega.
Vatsvakurudzi vakati, "Shanduko dzinowanikwa muchidzidzo cheongororo iyi dzinogona kuratidza huwandu hukuru hwehutongi hwechikakananda uye kupindwa muropa nefodya yemazuva ano inoshandisa nicotine protonated kuita kuti nicotine ive nyore kufema."
"Chinodiwa chekiriniki chekudzora kupindwa muropa kwevana kune izvi zvitsva zve-nicotine midziyo mukati menguva yekusangana kwakawanda kwekurapa zvinoratidzwa nekukura kwekushandiswa kwemazuva ano e-fodya. Pamusoro pazvo, panofanirwa kuiswa mitemo yakasimba, sekurambidza zvachose kutengeswa kwefodya ine flavouth.
Mhedzisiro yechidzidzo ichi inoratidza kuti fodya yemagetsi inogona kunge ichiisa chizvarwa chidiki chevechiri kuyaruka munjodzi yakawedzera yekupindwa muropa nicotine, uye zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti vechidiki vazhinji havana ruzivo rwekuti ruzhinji rwefodya yemagetsi ine nicotine, maererano naAshley Merianos, mubatanidzwa wekutsvagisa. nhengo yeCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center uye yeThirdhand Smoke Research Consortium vasina kutora chikamu mukutsvaga kutsva.
"Kudzikira kwekushandisa e-fodya pakati pevachiri kuyaruka vekuAmerica pakati pa2019 na2021 kwakanaka. Kunyangwe kushandiswa kwefodya kuchiwanzotangwa kwakatenderedza vechidiki, kupindwa muropa uye kuwanda kwemaitiro ekushandisa anowanikwa mutsvagurudzo iyi anotyisa, sekureva kwaMerianos, anove zvakare purofesa muongorori paYunivhesiti yeCincinnati.
Kubudirira kukuru kwekudzora fodya kwakaitwa kwemakumi emakore akawanda, akadaro, kunogona kuregererwa nekutanga kupindwa muropa nechikakananda. “Kusvuta kwevachiri kuyaruka muUnited States panguva ino kwakaderera munhau, asi kusumwa kunopfuurira uye kushandiswa kwemidzanga yemagetsi pakati pevechiduku kunogona kudzosa kufambira mberi uku.”
Kunze kwefodya kana menthol, iyo US Food and Drug Administration yakarambidza kutengeswa kwefoured cartridge-based e-cigarettes muna 2020. Zvakadaro, vaongorori vakaona muongororo yavo kuti haina kunaka. kuraswa e-fodya yakakurumidza kuve yakakurumbira pakati pevechiri kuyaruka mushure mekurambidzwa, uye vari kukurudzira varapi kuti vatarise zviitiko zvinogona kuitika zvekupindwa muropa nechikakananda muzvizvarwa zvidiki.
Vatsvakurudzi vakapedzisa mukudzidza kwavo kuti nekuda kwekuti kupindwa muropa nefodya chirwere cheupenyu hwose, vanachiremba vanofanira kunge vakagadzirira kubata kusvuta kwevana kune izvi zvitsva-nicotine zvigadzirwa munguva yekubatana kwakawanda kwekurapa. Kudiwa kwekurambidza kutengeswa kwefodya yakakangwa mumatunhu, matunhu, pamwe nemubatanidzwa pamwe nekufunga kubvisa kutengeswa kwezvinhu izvi mumaindasitiri ezvitoro zviri pachena, sezvinoitwa munyika makumi mana nenomwe kubva muna 47. kuwedzera kusimba kwekushandiswa kwemazuva ano e-fodya.
Kuzvidya mwoyo pamusoro pe“kupindwa muropa nechikakananda kwakakomba”
Maererano naDr. Scott Hadland, mukuru wevechiri kuyaruka uye diki mushonga wevakuru paMass General yeVana neHarvard Medical School, anga asiri chikamu chechidzidzo chazvino asi akadzidza kushandiswa kwechikakananda pakati pevachiri kuyaruka panguva yekubuda kweCovid-19, ndechimwe chezvidzidzo zvekutanga kuita izvi.
Ruzhinji rwedu vana chiremba tainetsekana asi tisina chokwadi chezvekutarisira maererano nekushandiswa kwechikakananda kwevechiri kuyaruka panguva yekuvhiringidzika uku. Iri basa rinovhara gaka rakakosha ruzivo, maererano neemail yaHadland.
"Data renyika rinoreva kuti kuputika kwevechiri kuyaruka kunogona kunge kwakadzikira panguva yedenda reCovid, tinofunga nekuti Covid akagarisa vana vazhinji uye kushandisa zvinhu zvinowanzoitika kana vechidiki vari pakati pevezera ravo," akadaro. Nekudaro, ndakaona mukiriniki yangu kuti vana "vanoita" vape vari kuratidza kupindwa muropa necotine zvakanyanya kupfuura chero imwe nguva mumakore makumi matatu ekudzidzira.
Hadland akaenderera mberi achitaura kuti migumisiro yezvidzidzo zvemazuva ano inotsigira izvo zvaakaona pachake mukuita kwake, kusanganisira zera rechidiki apo vana vanotanga kushandisa e-cigarettes, kushandiswa kwepamusoro kwekushandisa, uye kuwedzera kwezviratidzo zvekuvimba, zvakadai se. kuputa chinhu chekutanga mangwanani.
Vechidiki vanogara vachitora madosi akanyanya echikakananda nguva dzese zuva rese, izvo zvinowedzera mukana wavo wekupindwa muropa nechikakananda uye kutsamira. Ndinowanzoona vana avo, kana vakaedza kusiya mhepo, vanotarisana nemarwadzo ekubvisa nicotine pamwe nekushuvira zvakanyanya kushandisa, "Hadland akanyora muemail.
"Ndaifanira kuwedzera kushandisa zvinodhaka kudzora havi uye zviratidzo zvekurega muvana kuti zvivabatsire kurega," akawedzera. “Somuenzaniso, nicotine chingamu kana kuti lozenges, chikakananda, uye mapiritsi evarenicline—uye dzimwe nguva musanganiswa weizvi.” "Zvese izvi chiitiko chazvino."
