Humbowo hwesainzi hunoratidza kuti kuwedzera kwekushandisa e-fodya pakati pevechiri kuyaruka vape nharaunda kunogona kutungamira kuzvirwere zvemapapu uye zvemoyo, zvichiwedzera kusimba nekufamba kwenguva. Nhau dzakaonekwa mupeer-view magazine ye American Moyo Sangano.
Kune avo vasingazive, chirevo chesainzi chinouya sekuongorora nyanzvi iyo inogona kutungamira mukudzidza mitsva yekiriniki maitiro uye nhungamiro yeramangwana. Ichi chirevo, chakanyorwa se "Cardiopulmonary Consequences of Vaping in Adolescents," chinoratidza zvinotendwa nenyanzvi muvascular and cellular biology basic science, toxicology, epidemiology, uye pharmacology. Vakaongorora zvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvichibva paumbowo hunotarisa kune e-fodya inobata ma cardiopulmonary system mumavapers madiki. Pamusoro pezvo, nyanzvi dzakatsanangura kuti njodzi pfupi uye dzenguva refu dzekuputira dzinogona kuve dzakamira sei pakati penharaunda dzevechidiki.
Maererano ne Loren E.Wold, uyo ari Ph.D. uye zvakare anotungamira boka rekunyora rechirevo chesainzi, kune zvakawanda zvezvidzidzo zvine chekuita nefodya yefodya, mhuka kana vanhu vakuru vaive vakaedzwa. Zvakakosha kuti tidzidzewo kuti ndezvipi zvinogadziriswa pazvirongwa zvenhengo dzevechidiki vanobatanidzwa mukushandisa e-cigarettes, kunyanya izvo izvi zvinoguma zvinotungamirira kana munhu mukuru anowanikwa.
Loren zvakare arikutevedzera iyo Ohio State University's (Columbus, Ohio) College yeMishonga uye ishamwari yedhipatimendi rekutsvagisa mabasa.
ZVINOPEDZISIRA kana zvemagetsi nicotine zvekutumira masisitimu anoumbwa nemakaturiji ane e-mvura mudura, chinhu chekudziya chinonzi atomizer, bhatiri, uye mapods. Aerosol inounzwa kumushandisi yekufemerwa nemidziyo iyi, inova cannabis's key psychoactive compound, THC kana nicotine. Izvi ZVINOPEDZISIRA zvinonyanya kufanana nehookah, pombi dzefodya, nefodya, uye dzinowanikwa zvakanyanya sefodya ye e-e. E-fodya dzinowanikwa dziine chimiro chazvino che USB flash drive mudziyo uyo unofarirwa zvakanyanya pakati pevadiki vachiri kuyaruka. Vape zvishandiso zviri kubuda mune zvimiro uye magadzirirwo, nzira yekushambadzira. Iyo yakakwira nicotine yemukati iripo mune munyu fomu, uye mamwe akasiyana makemikari anosanganiswa nawo e-zvinwiwa.
E-fodya yakapinda mumusika pakutanga kwema2000s uye zvave chikonzero nei kudzikira kwereshiyo dzevashandisi vefodya muvadiki vechidiki kudzoreredzwa. Izvo zvakafanana zvakacherechedzwa kune vanoshandisa fodya inopisa uye kutsamira nicotine. Nhamba dze2019 National Youth Tobacco Survey dzinoratidza kuti 27.5% ne10.5% yevadzidzi vegiredhi 9 kusvika 12 uye 6 kusvika 8 vaive chikamu chenharaunda dzakasiyana siyana dzevechidiki. Zvinoenderana neshoko resainzi kubva kusangano, fodya inopfuta haisati yamboputa nevanenge vese vanoshandisa e-fodya. Zvakadaro, vari panjodzi huru yekuva vashandisi vefodya zvachose kana chikakananda. Zvakare, zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nekuputira mudiki zvakare hazvizivikanwe uye hazvigoneke kusvika parizvino.
Mhedzisiro ye-e-fodya pamwoyo nemapapu zvakaoma kuwana nekuti vazhinji vanogadzira havasi kuburitsa zvinongedzo zvezvigadzirwa zvavo. Kusvika pari zvino, kuumbwa kwezvigadzirwa izvi kunoramba kusinganyatsojeka zvachose. E-zvinwiwa inewo propylene glycol uye yemiriwo glycerin, yakanyorwa se GRAS (inowanzoonekwa seyakachengeteka) neFDA. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti makomisheni aya ari pagwaro reGRAS muchimiro chawo chose, kwete kana afemerwa. Kana ikafemerwa, mhedzisiro yavo haisati yatemwa sezvo makomisheni anowanzoonekwa achiputsika kuita carcinogens se formaldehyde.
Wold akaburitsa pachena kuti kukura kwemapapu kunowanzo kuenderera kusvika kutanga kwe20s, uye chero wechidiki anobatanidzwa mukuputira asati asvika makore makumi maviri ari kuisa panjodzi kukura kwemapapu ake. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti chero chinhu chekune dzimwe nyika chiri kufemerwa chinokanganisa moyo nekufema masisitimu.
Around 04 nyaya dzekufema dzinowanzo simuka muvashandisi vefodya. Kuwanda kwechirwere cheasthma, kuwedzera kukosora uye kufema, kuwanda kwezvirwere zvekufema, uye kutapukirwa nehutachiona hwemapapu.
Uyezve, kukwirira kwemwoyo, kukwira kweropa, kukanganisa kwemidziyo yeropa, uye kuoma kweropa kunoonekwawo kune vechidiki vachishandisa e-fodya. Mhedzisiro dzakadaro dzinotungamira pakutenda kuti nekushandisa kwenguva refu e-fodya, iyo acute yemoyo mhedzisiro inogona kukonzera chirwere chemoyo.
Vechidiki vanowanzo fungidzira nhema kuti vaping haisi kukuvadza hutano hwavo. Kusiyana neizvi, maaerosols kubva e-fodya ari kukanganisa maseru emwoyo yavo munguva refu uye anoisa njodzi yakanyanya yezvirwere zvemoyo. Kunyangwe zvichiitika mushure memakumi emakore ekuputa, vanhu vakaonekwa vaine matambudziko asingaperi uye akasimba emapapu, uye zvakafanana zvinogoneka zvakanyanya kune vaping zvakare.
Komiti yekunyora chirevo ichi yakaonawo kuti kunyangwe kutyisidzira kukuru kunokonzerwa nekuputira ari matambudziko emwoyo, imwe mhedzisiro yekukosha kwakafanana ndeyekukanganisa kwenguva refu kwainayo pahutano hwese. Uyezve, kana nicotine ikashandiswa pa zera duku, munhu wacho anogona kutanga kuita zvinhu zvinopinda muropa pashure pokunge akura. E-fodya dzinozivikanwawo kuti dzinokonzera matambudziko ekurara sezvo dzichiita nzira dzakasiyana muuropi dzinoita hunhu hwekupindwa muropa, izvo zvinogamuchirwa zviri nyore panguva yekushaikwa kwehope. Pakupedzisira, iyo nzanga uye yehunyanzvi canvas yemunhu inovhiringidzika pamwero mukuru.
Zvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvakare zvinoramba pfungwa ye-e-fodya inobatsira kurega kusvuta. Zvisinei, vazhinji vanoputa uye vashandisi ve-e-cigarette vakawanikwa vari kushandisa zvose pakupedzisira. Chimwe chinhu chakakosha chakawanikwa nekomiti chine chekuita nemusiyano pakati pekurega chikakananda nekumisa fodya nekukosha kwayo. Semuenzaniso, muUK -e-fodya ine nicotine shoma pane yekuUS - e-fodya yakabatsira vanhu vakawanda (18%) kupfuura nicotine zvigamba (10%) kurega kusvuta kunopisa. Asi chiyero chebudiriro yenzira dzese dziri mbiri dzakaparadzana mamaira pa20% ye e-fodya uye 81% yezvigamba.
Wold anotenda kuti zvakaoma kugadzika zvigadzirwa zvakadaro sezvo zvichipa zvakasiyana siyana zvinonaka, e-mvura yemukati, mazinga emagetsi, uye zvimiro zvinogoneka, izvo zvinofadza kwazvo kune achiri kuyaruka vape anofarira. Nekudaro, nemichero uye mint flavour inodzokororwa neFDA marongero, menthol-flavored zvigadzirwa zvinotarisirwa kudzokororwa zvakare, izvo zvinowanikwa pachena.
Zvakare, iyo US haina muganho wakajairwa weiyo nicotine kusungwa mu-e-mvura, uye mimwe michina ine yakakwirira nicotine mazinga (59 mg/mL). IEU, kune rumwe rutivi, ine muganhu we ≤20 mg/mL ye nicotine concentrations iyo inofananidzwa neyakajairwa kusvuta fodya.
Sekureva kwacho, vechidiki vape rave vanogona kugadziriswa kana zvinotevera zvidziviriro zvikaitwa:
- Dzidzisa vane chekuita nezvenjodzi dzehutano dzakasimbiswa dzine chekuita nefodya.
- E-fodya yemhando ipi zvayo inogona kubviswa pamisika.
- Mitemo yemhepo isina kuputa inofanira kubata e-fodya sezvinhu zvinorambidzwa.
- Ese marudzi emapuratifomu edhijitari anofanirwa kunge akadzora kushambadzira maererano ne-e-fodya.
- Zvirongwa zvekusiya vaping muvakuru nevadiki zvinofanirwa kuunzwa muzvipatara.
- Vadzidzi vezvokurapa vanofanirwa kudzidziswa zviri pamutemo nezve vaping nemhedzisiro yayo mumakoreji ekurapa.
Boka revanyori vanozvipira rakanyora chirevo ichi chesainzi pachinzvimbo chevanotevera vanobatana;
- Stroke Council
- Council pamusoro peHypertension
- Council on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, uye Vascular Biology
- American Heart Association Council paBasic Cardiovascular Sciences
Zvinotaurwa neAmerican Heart Association zvinobatsira kuparadzira ruzivo rwevanhu vazhinji nezvenyaya dzesitiroko uye hosha dzemoyo. Vanopawo ruoko rwekubatsira mukufambisa sarudzo dzine ruzivo maererano nezvehutano. Nekudaro, iwo haasanganisi chero kurudziro yekurapa kana zano, asi anotsanangura ruzivo rwazvino pamusoro wenyaya, uye anosimbisa chero nzvimbo inogona kubatsira kuita imwe tsvakiridzo.
