Zvakadaro zvakare, iyo Chikafu neDrug Administration yakafumura njodzi inotyisidzira hupenyu kune hutano hwevanhu vekuAmerica: iyo FDA pachayo. Nhamba yevaAmerica vari kusvuta yakawedzera mukati memakore gumi apfuura; zvisinei, mahofisi ehurumende nzvimbo yeumambo ari kushanda nesimba kuti aone kuchinja mumamiriro ezvinhu.
FDA yakaraira Juul kuti abvise bhizinesi refodya yemagetsi (inozivikanwa zvakanyanya seJuul), tekinoroji inobereka zvakanyanya yakambogadzirwa kubatsira kukurudzira vanoputa kubvisa kuputa. Chimwe chirevo chesangano ndechekucheka huwandu hwechikakananda mumidzanga yakajairika, zano risina kubudirira mukukwevera vanosvuta kubva mukusvuta mumakore apfuura - uye zvinopesana, zvaizoita kuti vanoputa kune dzimwe nzira dzine njodzi dzekushandisa nicotine. zvimwe kupfurikidza nokuwedzera mwero wavo wokusvuta kana kuti kupfurikidza nokutenga midzanga ine simba rakazara pamusika.
Kurambidzwa kwaJuul, uko kwakamiswa kwenguva nedare remubatanidzwa zvichitevera kukwidza nyaya yekupokana neFDA, hakuenderane nemaitiro ehutano hweveruzhinji asiwo hungwaru hwezvematongerwo enyika: hapana chikonzero chekupikisa mamirioni evavhoti mugore ravakavhota. vanotarisirwa kusarudza vatungamiriri vavo nekuvanyima kodzero dzavo dzekuvape? Iyo FDA yakabvuma kuti haina kukwanisa kuratidza chero "njodzi yekukurumidza" yakaunzwa kuruzhinji naJuul. Yakataura kuti kambani yakatadza kupa ruzivo rwakakwana maererano nehutano hwaJuul, asi chirevo ichocho hachina kusimbiswa-Juul akashandisa mari inodarika zana remadhora kunyorera kuFDA. Chero zvazvingava, hazvina musoro kugunun'una pamusoro penjodzi dzisingazivikanwe dzakabatana nefodya yefodya, idzo dzakatemerwa nebazi rezvehutano muU.K. 95% yakachengeteka zvichienzaniswa nefodya yefodya.
Kurambidzwa kunongonzwisisika sesopa kune zvakakosha kana maofficial anoona fodya yemagetsi senjodzi, iyo inopa dzakasiyana siyana. nicotine inobatsira-kuwedzerwa mafungiro, kuderera kwekuzvidya mwoyo, kuwedzera kwekuziva kwekuita uye kuisa pfungwa, pamwe chete nekudzora uremu - nekusavapo kwehupfu hwakawandisa muutsi hwefodya. Nicotine, sezvakangoita caffeine, inogona kupindwa muropa uye inotungamirira kukuwedzera kwenguva pfupi muropa; zvisinei, maererano neBritish Royal Society yePublic Health's kugumisa, maviri acho "haatombokuvadzi."
Zvinoenderana nezvikumbiro zveFDA's anti-vaping crusaders nevamwe vavo, fodya yemagetsi inzvimbo yekupinda yevachiri kuyaruka mukuputa, asi huwandu hwevechiri kuyaruka vari kuputa hwakaderera nekukurumidza, zvakanyanya munguva yekuputira kupfuura mumakore apfuura. Makumi gumi apfuura, apo fodya yemagetsi yakapinda mumusika, chiyero chekuputa pakati pevadzidzi vechikoro chesekondari chaive 13%: ikozvino, chiyero chiri pasi pe2%.
Hapana munhu anoda kuona wechidiki achinetseka nechikakananda, kunyangwe mutemo usati wavabvumidza kutenga fodya yemagetsi. Maererano ne survey, mazinga ekuputira pakati pevadzidzi vekusekondari akadzikira zvakanyanya mukati memakore maviri apfuura, uye vechidiki vachiri kuzviita, vanozviita apo neapo, kubvisa chikakananda. (Vazhinji vavo, semushumo, vakashandisa michina yekuputira mbanje, kunyangwe varwi vanofambira mberi vasiri kushandisa iyo tsigiro yekurambidza kutengesa mbanje kune vakuru.)
Huwandu hwevanhu vakuru vari kuputa hwaonawo a kuderera kukuru munguva yevaping, zvakanyanya kutevera kupinda kwaJuul, uye zvinoonekwa utano hwakanaka. A kudzidza iyo yakaitwa munguva ichangopfuura, iyo yakananga pamusoro pe30,000 vekuAmerica kwemakore matanhatu, yakauya nemigumisiro yakaratidza kuti nhamba yezvirwere zvemwoyo pakati pevatengi vefodya yemagetsi yaiva chetatu pasi pehuwandu hwevasvuta- yakanga yakafanana nenhamba yevanhu vanoputa. haana kuputa kana vape.
Ongororo dzinoverengeka dzakauya nezvakawanikwa kuti e-fodya akaita rutivi mukupesvedzera vasvuti kurega uye vakaratidza zvinobudirira kupfuura mamwe marapirwo anowaniswa kutsiva chikakananda (sengamu kana chikakananda). Kunyange vanosvuta vanenge vasiri kuronga kusiya tsika yacho zvichida kurega kana vakashandisa mudzanga wemagetsi kamwechete pazuva. Kubudirira kweJuul kunogona kunyanyo kuverengerwa nekupihwa kwayo yakakwira nicotine dosi mune inonwisa zvakanyanya, senge mufodya wefodya. Ongororo yakawanikwa yakaratidza kuti 50% yevanoputa vakasarudza Juul kusiya kusvuta mugore rimwe chete. Imwe yakasiyana yakaratidza kuti mukana wevanoputa kuregedza wakakura kana vashandisa Juul yakasimba pane iyo ine nicotine yakaderedzwa.
Izvi ndizvo zvanga zvakamirira kunzwa hutano hweveruzhinji. Zvisinei, makambani ane kushambadzira kuduku kwezvinhu zvinobatsira-kurega kusvuta, vakuru vakuru, vadzidzisi vedzidzo, uye varwi vehondo, vane basa rakavakirwa pakurwisa midzanga, havana kugamuchira ikoku. Sezvo ruzhinji rwevanhu vekuAmerica vaine ruzivo rwekushandisa midziyo yekupfuta kuti varambe kuputa, pane nzira yekurwisa-vaping crusaders inogona kupembedza mabasa avo? Pane mari yakawanda iri munjodzi: Iyo FDA inounganidza mari inopfuura mazana masere emamiriyoni emadhora pagore muzita remiripo yemushandisi wefodya, iyo inoendeswa kukusimudzira hutano nekutarisa mhedzisiro yezvigadzirwa zvefodya.
Kuchengetedza kufamba kwemari, vatungamiri vakashandisa tsananguro inotsausa yefodya yemagetsi (fodya chigadzirwa), uyewo kuisa chinangwa chitsva chekubvisa nguva dzose nicotine kushandiswa. Kubva panguva yayakatanga chirongwa chekurwisa fodya, Centre for Tobacco Products yeFDA yakaona kuwedzera kwevashandi vayo kusvika kuvanhu vanodarika chiuru nezana. inodarika kaviri saizi yayo yepakutanga, uye yanga ichipa mamiriyoni emadhora pagore sezvipo, chikamu chikuru chakanangana nevasina purofiti vanoparidza evhangeri inorwisa kupfutidza pamwe chete nevatsvaguri vanotsigira kurambidzwa kwechikakananda.
Zvinosuwisa kuti mushandirapamwe weFDA wazadzisa chinangwa chayo, nerubatsiro rwezvenhau, izvo zvakagadzira tsika kutya nekubatanidza kufa kwakakonzerwa neblack-market THC zvinotengeswa kune e-fodya. Panguva yekutanga yevaping era, vazhinji veAmerica vakawana kuti fodya yemagetsi yakanga ine zvishoma zvehutano zvinokanganisa zvichienzaniswa nefodya yefodya, zvisinei, iyo ongororo dzakazoitwa gare gare yakaratidza kuti yakawanda yengozi yakakonzerwa ne-e-cigarette yakanga yakatokura-fungidziro isina kururama iyo ichakonzera kufa kwekutanga kune vakawanda vanosvuta.
Kurambidza nicotine chinangwa chisina zvibereko uye chisingashande. Kunwa doro zvisina mwero chinhu chine njodzi kana zvichienzaniswa nekuputa fodya kwevachiri kuyaruka, asi kwave kuziva kwedu kuti matambudziko mazhinji achagadzirwa kupfuura mhinduro kana vakuru vakarambidzwa kusvuta. kutenga doro. Ndizvo zvimwe chete nezvee-fodya. Kana iyo FDA ikakwanisa kurambidza Juul nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvine hukama, sarudzo yasara yevaAmerica ndeye kudzokera kufodya yefodya kana kufunga zvakare mabhoti.
Michael Siegel anobva kuTufts University anoti vanhu vakuru vanosvika mamiriyoni mana vanoshandisa e-fodya kuti varege kusvuta vanoramba vachiishandisa kuti vaone kuti havadzokeri kutsika iyi. Kwemakumi matatu emakore, Siegel anga achitsvaga nezvekudzora fodya. Anoenderera mberi achitaura kuti kana FDA ikarambidza huwandu hwefodya ye-e-fodya, zvingakonzeresa huwandu hwakanaka hwevaimboputa vadzokera pakuputa, zvichikonzera njodzi yehutano hweveruzhinji.
Muchokwadi chenhema cheFDA, pakudzikiswa kwechikakananda mufodya kusvika padanho rinonzi “risina-kupindwa muropa,” vanoputa vanenge vakachengeteka. Muchiziviso chavo chakapfuura, sangano iri rakataura kuti vaironga kuderedza mazinga echikakananda mufodya yese, vachitoenderera mberi nekutsanangura midzanga ine nicotine “yakakodzera kuchengetedza kugara zvakanaka kwevanhu.” Maererano naBrad Rodu, purofesa paYunivhesiti yeLouisville, kubvumirwa kusina kujairika kwechigadzirwa chinoisa upenyu pangozi, kunyanya kupiwa kuedza kusina kubudirira kwekare kushandisa e-fodya kuti vasvuti vasiye.
Parizvino, hapana mutemo chaiwo unogona kutarisirwa kubva kuFDA. Pamwe Juul achavharirwa nematare achipokana nekupenga kweFDA, uye pamwe vezvematongerwo enyika vakatarisa imwe nguva muhofisi vachadzivirira vanoda nicotine. Nekudaro, nemadhora mazana masere emubhadharo wefodya, uye kutonga pamusoro pezvirambidzo zvenicotine pasi peFDA, hutano hweAmerica hucharamba huri munjodzi.
