The mukuru marasha anoraswa nhamba dzekutengesa nekushandisa muUnited States dzinopenda mufananidzo wakashata. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya kana iwe uchifunga nezvehuwandu hwemarara izvo zvigadzirwa izvi zvinogadzira. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti sekondi yoga yoga vamwe vechiduku vokuAmerica kuburikidza nevashanu vaishandisa marasha anoraswa.
Dambudziko nehuwandu hukuru hwemavhapesi anoraswa anoraswa zuva rega rega nderekuti zvese izvi zvigadzirwa zvinovakwa neanogona kushandiswazve lithium-ion mabhatiri. Kana iwe ukaverengera huwandu hwese maAmerican anorasa anenge 150 miriyoni mavhapu anoraswa. Zvigadzirwa izvi zvine lithiamu yakakwana kuvaka mabhatiri emotokari dzemagetsi dzinosvika zviuru zvitanhatu.
Lithium ihupfu chena inoshandiswa mu90% yemabhatiri emagetsi anowanikwa mumotokari dzemagetsi, mafoni emafoni uye akawanda emazuva ano anochajiswazve midziyo yemagetsi. Dambudziko nderekuti lithium haisi kuwanikwa nyore uye maitiro ekuibvisa akaomarara. Nechakare mutengo welithium wanga uchikwira mumakore mashoma apfuura uye unotarisirwa kuramba uchikwira kusvika muna 2025 apo zvinonzi pasi rose richatanga kusangana nedambudziko rekushaikwa kwechicherwa chisingawanikwe ichi. Nekunetsa kwekupa kwave kutoitika zvaitarisirwa kuti vangangove vazhinji vange vachirangarira mashandisiro avanoita zvigadzirwa zvine iyi isingawanzo sosi.
Iyo Chokwadi Initiative yanga ichishanda kugumisa kuputa uye kuputika pakati pevechidiki kwemakore akati wandei muUSA. Muongororo ichangoburwa chirongwa chakaitwa, hafu yeavo vakati vaped vashandisa vape inoraswa. Uyezve, zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zveaya mavhapesi anoraswa akashandiswa akakandwa mumarara epamba. Zvizhinji zvezvigadzirwa izvi zvakavakwa nemabhatiri e-lithium-ion anochajiswa. Zvisinei, dzinofanirwa kuraswa kana dzangoshandiswa. Apa ndipo panobva dambudziko rekudzikisa mamirioni emabhatiri e-lithium-ion anobatsira.
Sekureva kweEnvironment Protection Agency (EPA), vanhu vazhinji vanorasa zvisizvo mavhapes avo akashandiswa mumarara emumba nekuti zvigadzirwa izvi zvakanyorwa zvisiri izvo kuti "kurasa".
Sekureva kwa purofesa Alissa weYunivhesiti yeCalifornia Davis, kudiwa kwemabhatiri e-lithium-ion kuchakura zvakapetwa kashanu mumakore gumi anotevera. Izvi zvinoita kurasa marasha anoraswa nemabhatiri anochajwa ipfungwa inotyisa.
Kunze kwekushomeka kwelithium, kurasa idzi marasha anoraswa inopawo rimwe dambudziko kune vanoongorora zvakatipoteredza. Lithium ine muchetura uye ine hunyanzvi hwekubata moto. Semuenzaniso, maererano neEPA mishumo pamusoro pemoto mazana maviri nemakumi mana neshanu unoitika munzvimbo dzemarara pakati pe245 kusvika 2013 yainzi yakanangana nemabhatiri e-lithium-ion. Pane imwe nyaya yemoto welithium-ion bhatiri-wakakonzerwa apo vadzimi vemoto vana vaifanira kumhanyiswa kuchipatara nekutsva kwakanyanya kwemakemikari. Izvo, saka, zvinoenda pasina kutaura kuti kurasa zvigadzirwa zvine lithiamu mabhatiri mumarara emumba injodzi yekuchengetedza.
Sekureva kwaKendell, iyo US ichiri kugadzira yakanaka kwazvo lithium recycling network. Izvi zvinoita kuti zviome kuti vatengi vatoziva kubata nezvigadzirwa zvidiki zvine lithium-ion mabhatiri akadai semavhapesi. EPA inoti kubvira 2021 yanga ichishanda kugadzirisa dambudziko iri. Inoti kuwedzera kuedza kudzoreredza zvicherwa zvakakosha zvinosanganisira lithium kubva kuzvigadzirwa zvakadzokororwa ndechimwe chezvinangwa zvaro. Nekudaro, zvinotarisirwa kuti dambudziko richaramba riripo kwenguva yakareba sezvo zvigadzirwa zvemapupu zvinoraswa zviri izvo zvinonyanya kufarirwa zvigadzirwa munyika, kunyanya pakati pevechidiki.
